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Howstuffworks "Digesting the alphabet soup of dental insurance"
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Digesting the alphabet soup of dental insurance
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Check dental references
Legal
Understanding the alphabet
soup of dental insurance plans can be a difficult endeavor for most people. Two common
insurance acronyms include PPO and HMO. Managed care plans are often either PPO or HMO,
standing for preferred provider organization and health maintenance organization. With PPO insurance plans, the companies negotiate fee schedules with dentists
in exchange for the dentist being put on a list of "preferred" providers.
Employers give the list to their employees to match them up with dentists who participate
with the dental plan. Dental insurance can help people pay for dental treatment, but it
has its limitations. Most insurance plans have a deductible of $50 to $100, pay only a
specified percentage for each type of treatment, and have a yearly maximum amount of funds
available for dental care.
Most PPO plans cover preventive care, cleanings, check-ups,
protective dental sealants, x-rays, and fluoride treatment at 80-100%. Basic care,
including root canal therapy, extractions, and fillings are usually covered at 80%. Major
care such as crowns (caps), permanent bridgework, and full and partial dentures as well as
periodontal (gum) care are often covered at 50%.
Many insurance companies have a yearly maximum of a $1000. Dental
insurance is not cumulative, so if you don't use it, you lose it. It is interesting,
and disappointing, to note that when dental insurance companies became common in the early
1970's, the yearly maximum in many was the same $1000 it is today, even though the
cost of delivering dental care has nearly tripled since then.
HMO's have received a barrage of negative publicity in recent
years, primarily in the medical community, for dubious "gag" clauses in the
contracts, bureaucratic snafus, and the limitation of appropriate care of patients by
their physician. While some HMO insurance plans may be adequate for practitioners in the
medical community, they are more difficult to justify in the dental community. The main
reason is that practice overhead is generally higher in the average dental practice than
the average medical practice, and the financial compensation from most HMO's is very
low. 65 to 70 cents of every dollar received at the average dental office is consumed by
office overhead, including staff salaries, supplies, laboratory fees, rent, etc.
The reduced fees allowed by dental HMO's has participating
dentists doing many dental treatments at a financial loss. A recent study by the American
Dental Association found that the average dental HMO does not even adequately reimburse
inexpensive preventive dental care. Consequently, a dental practice with a majority
of patients having HMO insurance is often forced to see patients quickly- too quickly in
my opinion, to develop the necessary rapport essential to the dentist- patient
relationship. A dentist I know told me that when an HMO patient comes into his office for
a cleaning, he does not give that patient the "free" toothbrush that he
routinely gives to his other patients.
As you might have guessed, I am not a big fan of HMO's. We do
not participate with any HMO's but are involved with some PPO's. Dental
insurance can help people pay for routine dental visits, but it has many limitations.
Always discuss your insurance plan and financial obligations with either your dentist or
the office manager prior to dental treatment.
Links
The American Dental Association
American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry
Dental America - Discount dental insurance
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All Contents ©Copyright
Results from search: http://www.uneb.edu/Employees/2002/dentalbluecross2002.html
Dental Insurance
Dental Insurance
General
Eligibility
Effective Date of Coverage
"Change in Status" Guidelines
COBRA
Termination of Coverage
Student Eligibility
Leave of Absence
Blue Cross Blue Shield
Company Overview
Group Identification Number
Benefits Summary
Provider Network
(Select the BluePreferred (PPO) Network from the drop-down menu.)
Premium/Price Tag Information
Blue Cross Blue Shield Contacts
Frequently
Asked Questions
Return to Employee
Benefits Home Page
Eligibility
Employee
Employees are eligible for group dental insurance coverage if they are
employed in a "regular position" with an FTE of .5 or greater or
employed in a "temporary position" for more than 6 months with an FTE
of .5 or greater.
Dependents
Spouse:
§
Husband or wife, as recognized under the laws of the state of Nebraska .
§
Common-law spouse if the common-law marriage was contracted in a
jurisdiction recognizing a common-law marriage.
Child:
§
Natural-born or legally adopted child who has not reached the
limiting age of 19.
§
Stepchild who is living in the employee's home and is chiefly
dependent on the employee for support, and who has not reached the limiting age
of 19.
§
Child for whom the employee has "legal guardianship" and
who has not reached the limiting age of 19. Appropriate documentation must be
provided to verify the court appointed "legal guardian" status.
§
Mentally or physically handicapped child who has not reached the
limiting age of 19. Coverage is also available beyond age 19 if proof of
disability is provided.
§
Child of a deceased employee who has not reached the limiting age
of 19.
Student (ages 19-24):
§
Dependent child who has not reached the limiting age of 24 and is
a full-time student.
§
Full-time student status generally requires a dependent to enroll
for 12 or more undergraduate (9 or more graduate) credit hours each semester.
The number of credit hours required for full-time student status is however,
based on each school's definition of a full-time student.
Effective Date of Coverage
Coverage is effective on the first day of the month following the employee's
date of hire or eligibility.
Coverage for employees hired on the first day of the month or first working day
of the month is effective immediately.
The dental insurance option elected will be in effect for up to two (2)
years until the annual NUFlex enrollment that allows dental election changes.
Coverage changes may be made however, during the year as noted in the
"Change in Status" section.
"Change in Status" Guidelines
Employees may change their dental insurance coverage category during the
calendar year when 1) a qualified "change in status" event occurs and
2) the employee's requested change is consistent (on account of and corresponds
to) with the event.
Employees must make changes in coverage within 31 days of the qualified
"change in status" event.
Listed below are several common qualified "change in status"
events that allow an employee to initiate a mid-year dental insurance coverage
change.
§
Change in Employee's Legal Marital Status
§
Change in Number of Dependents
§
Change in Employment Status or Work Schedule Which Results in a
Gain or Loss of Coverage Eligibility
§
Dependent Satisfies or Ceases to Satisfy Dependent Eligibility
Status
§
Change in Residence or Worksite of Employee, Spouse or Dependent
that Affects Eligibility for Coverage
COBRA
Eligibility
Employee and/or their dependents may continue group dental insurance
coverage through COBRA for up to a predetermined period of time as a result of
termination, ineligible dependent, divorce, or loss of coverage for any reason
(excluding gross misconduct).
18 Months
Coverage may be continued for up to 18 months* when the employee's dental
insurance ends due to 1) voluntary or involuntary termination of employment
(except for gross misconduct) or 2) reduction in work hours. As long as the
applicable premium is paid, coverage may be continued until the earliest of the
following dates:
§
The date the insured becomes covered under another group dental
plan that does not exclude or limit any preexisting condition. COBRA allows an
insured to continue the University's group coverage for a preexisting condition
that is not covered under another dental plan, subject to the provisions of the
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA).
§
The date for which timely premium payment is not made.
§
The date the University ceases to provide dental insurance
coverage to its employees.
*A qualified individual is eligible for an
additional 11 months of COBRA coverage if the qualified beneficiary is
determined to be disabled (under Title II or XVI of the Social Security Act) at
any time during the first 60 days of continued coverage. The qualified
beneficiary must notify the Campus Benefits Office within 60 days of the
determination and before the end of the 18-month continuation.
A timely election under this law requires the employee to sign and return
the COBRA Election Form within 60 days. The election period begins 60 days
after the later of: a) the date the employee loses coverage, or b) the date the
employee was sent the Notice.
Qualified beneficiaries include the employee's spouse and/or dependent
children, including children born or adopted during a period of COBRA.
36 Months
Coverage may be continued for up to 36 months when the employee's dental
insurance ends due to 1) death of the employee, 2) divorce or legal separation,
or 3) dependent child ceases to qualify as a dependent under the dental plan
due to the limiting age. As long as the applicable premium is paid, coverage
may be continued until the earliest of the following dates:
§
The date the insured becomes covered under another group dental
plan that does not exclude or limit any preexisting condition. COBRA allows an
insured to continue the University's group coverage for a preexisting condition
that is not covered under another dental plan, subject to the provisions of the
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA).
§
The date for which timely premium payment is not made.
§
The date the University ceases to provide dental insurance
coverage to its employees.
A timely election under this law requires the employee to sign and return
the COBRA Election Form within 60 days. The election period begins 60 days
after the later of: a) the date the employee loses coverage, or b) the date the
employee was sent the Notice.
Qualified beneficiaries include the employee's spouse and/or dependent
children, including children born or adopted during a period of COBRA.
Termination of Coverage
Coverage terminates on the last day of the month following the date of
termination or date the employee is no longer eligible.
Student Eligibility
Blue Cross Blue Shield of Nebraska will forward a "student eligibility
questionnaire" to each employee upon a dependent child's attainment of age
19 to verify the dependent's student status. Thereafter, "student
eligibility questionnaires" will be forwarded in June (for the September
through December semester) and October (for the January through August
semester).
Leave of Absence
Employees may continue dental insurance coverage while on an approved leave
of absence for up to 2 years. The employee should contact the Campus Benefits
Office to establish the direct bill premium payment process.
Company Overview
For more than 60 years, Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Nebraska has helped
Nebraskans with their health care coverage needs by offering a wide variety of
insurance products and services. In 1939, the beginning of a long tradition of
health care coverage was created in Nebraska
when a group of medical professionals, business leaders and others gathered
together to form an organization that today cares for more than 620,000
Nebraskans. Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Nebraska is an independent licensee
of the Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association and insures nearly one in three
Nebraskans.
Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Nebraska offers a variety of coverage plans
for groups and individuals, including: traditional health care coverage; PPO
coverage, HMO coverage and POS (Point of Service) coverage, and a variety of
Medicare Supplement plans.
In 2001, Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Nebraska received the Heartland
Better Business Bureau's Business Integrity Award for Service Excellence. The
award recognizes businesses which have consistently set exceptionally high
standards of behavior in the marketplace.
The Integrity awards are presented annually to companies which honor their
promises, treat customers and employees with respect, and provide the highest
quality service with excellence and consistency. Blue Cross and Blue Shield of
Nebraska won the top award for companies with more than 200 employees.
In 2000, Blue Cross Blue Shield of Nebraska was awarded its fifth national
Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association's Brand Excellence Award. The Brand
Excellence Award is based on the results of surveys that gauge the impressions
and loyalty of both consumers and health care purchasers for Blue Cross and
Blue Shield of Nebraska in comparison to competitors. Enrollment growth,
customer service and satisfaction, and financial strength were also measured.
Visit Blue Cross and Blue Shield of
Nebraska's Home Page.
Group Identification Number
§
13200
Benefits Summary - 2002
The dental plan has been designed to pay a significant portion of the cost
for checkups and to provide cost-sharing benefits for needed restorative work
up to the annual maximum benefit.
Preferred Provider - Dental
A component of the Blue Cross Blue Shield dental plan is a preferred
provider dental program (BluePreferred). By choosing a provider who is a member
of the BluePreferred network, you save money through:
§
Discounted fees by the provider
§
No claim forms
§
Reduced deductibles
§
Lower coinsurance payments
§
No balance billing by the provider
Type of Service
Annual Deductible
Coinsurance
Plan Pays/You Pay
Benefit Maximums
PPO
provider
Non-PPO
provider
PPO
provider
Non-PPO
provider
PPO
provider
Non-PPO
provider
Preventive and Diagnostic
None
None
85%/15%
80%/20%
$1,500/person annual maximum for all preventive, restorative, and major
dental services combined.
$1,500/person annual maximum for all preventive, restorative, and major
dental services combined.
Restorative Dental Services
&
Major Dental Services
$25/person
$35/person
85%/15%
50%/50%
80%/20%
50%/50%
Orthodontic
$40/person
$50/person
50%/50%
50%/50%
$2,000/person lifetime maximum
$2,000/person lifetime maximum
Blue Cross Blue Shield of Nebraska
Contacts
§
Customer Service (888) 368-2227
§
Preferred Provider Information (888) 368-2227
Return to Employee Benefits
Home Page
Copyright © 2002 University of Nebraska Board of Regents.
For concerns and questions regarding this web page,
please contact: Michael A Fields
Results from search: http://www.standard.com/benefits/dental_insurance.html
The Standard | Benefits for Business | Dental Insurance
Dental Insurance from The Standard
Dental Insurance from The Standard
|
Group Dental Plans
Participating Provider Organizations
Offering two decades of dental experience, Standard Insurance Company is well equipped to meet employers' dental insurance needs. For employer-paid and employee-paid group dental insurance policies, we provide a complete line of flexible plans, allowing us to tailor coverage that balances affordability for employers and quality care for employees.
Our dental products provide a choice of plan designs and provisions that help employers find the right coverage for their employees. With variable designs ranging from traditional indemnity to voluntary, we work with employers to create dental plans that suit their requirements.
Learn more about our Group Dental Plans and then contact your local Employee Benefits Sales and Service Office for help in creating the right dental plan to meet your needs.
Products and provisions described may not be available in all states. Specific provisions may vary by state. The products and coverages have exclusions, limitations, reductions of benefits
and terms under which they may be continued in force or terminated. Please contact The Standard for additional information, including costs and complete details of coverage. SI 9000 Ed. 01-02 w/insert pages
© Copyright 2002 StanCorp Financial Group, Inc.
All rights reserved. Privacy Policy and Legal Notices .
Results from search: http://www.ada.org/public/faq/insurance.html
The Public: Frequently Asked Questions: Dental Benefits/Insurance
The Public
Oral Health
Topics
A-Z Listing
Category Listing
Benefits/Insurance
Return to Oral Health Topic: Benefits/Insurance
Consumer questions:
publicinfo@ada.org
Frequently
Asked Questions
Benefits/Insurance
What is dental insurance for
individuals?
What are some
questions and concerns about dental benefits?
How do I understand
dental benefit plans?
How
are
benefits determined?
See also: Direct Reimbursement
Dental Insurance for Individuals
Dental plan coverage for individuals is not commonly offered because
dental needs are highly predictable. For example, you would not pay
premiums for your dental coverage if the premiums were more expensive
than the cost of the dental treatment you need. Since this is the case,
insurance companies would stand to lose money (spend more on benefits
than they receive in premiums) on every individual dental plan they
write.
There are, however, a few companies that offer a form of dental
benefits for individuals. Most of these plans are "referral
plans" or "buyers' clubs." Under these types of plans, an
individual pays a monthly fee to a third party in return for access to a
list of dentists who have agreed to a reduced fee schedule. Payment for
treatment is made from the patient directly to the dentist. The third
party acts only in the capacity of matching the individual to the
dentist. The dentist receives no payment from the third party other than
in the form of referral of patients.
Back to Top
Questions or Concerns About Dental Benefits
Your plan sponsor (often your employer) should be able to explain the
individual design features of your plan. Design features to understand
include: exclusions, limitations, patient copayments and annual or
lifetime benefit maximums.
The American Dental Association has received numerous questions and
complaints from patients regarding their dental benefits. To correct
some of this confusion about dental coverage, the following questions
and answers are provided by the American Dental Association to help you
better understand your dental benefits. If you have additional concerns
or questions, they should be directed to your group benefits department.
Your personal dentist may also be able to explain dental benefit issues
and options for you.
My dentist recommends a treatment that my plan will not pay for.
Does this mean the treatment really isn't necessary?
It is common for dental plans to exclude treatment that is covered
under the company's medical plan. Some plans, however, go on to exclude
or discourage necessary dental treatment such as sealants, pre-existing
conditions, adult orthodontics, specialist referrals and other dental
needs. Some also exclude treatment by family members. Patients need to
be aware of the exclusions and limitations in their dental plan but
should not let those factors determine their treatment decisions.
My dentist recommends that I get a crown
on a tooth, but my dental
benefit will only pay for a large filling for that tooth. Which
treatment should I have?
Some plans will only provide the level of benefit allowed for the
least expensive way to treat a dental need, regardless of the decision
made by you and your dentist as to the best treatment. Sometimes,
special circumstances may be explained to the third-party payer to
request an adjustment to this lower benefit allowance, but there is no
guarantee that the third-party payer will alter its coverage. As in the
case of exclusions, patients should base treatment decisions on their
dental needs, not on their dental benefit plan.
My dental plan says that it will pay 100 percent
for two dental
checkups and cleanings each year. However, I just had my first checkup
and cleaning, and now the insurance company says I owe for part of the
dentist's charge. How can this be?
Plans that describe benefits in terms of percentages, for example,
100 percent for preventive care or 80 percent for restorative care, are
generally Usual, Customary and Reasonable (UCR) plans. The
administrators of UCR plans set what the plan considers to be a
"customary fee" for each dental procedure. If your dentist's
fee exceeds this customary fee, your benefit will be based on a
percentage of the customary fee instead of your dentist's fee.
Exceeding the plan's customary fee, however, does not mean your
dentist has overcharged for the procedure. These plans pay a set
percentage of the dentist's fee or the plan administrator's
"reasonable" or "customary" fee limit, whichever is
less. These limits are the result of a contract between the plan
purchaser and the third-party payer. Although these limits are called
"customary," they may or may not accurately reflect the fees
that area dentists charge. There is wide fluctuation and lack of
government regulation on how a plan determines the "customary"
fee level.
Will my plan cover the care my
family will need?
This should be a prime consideration and a major motivation in
choosing one plan over another. If your employer offers more than one
plan, look at the exclusions and limitations of the coverage as well as
the general categories of benefits. You should discuss your family's
current and future dental needs with your family dentist before making a
final decision on your dental plan.
Who is covered by my dental benefit plan? What does my dental plan
cover?
This information should be provided by the plan purchaser, often your
employer or union, and by the third-party payers. In order that you and
the dentist may be aware of the benefits provided by a dental benefit
plan, the extent of any benefits available under the plan should be
clearly defined, limitations or exclusions described, and the
application of deductibles, copayments, and coinsurance factors
explained to you. This should be communicated in advance of treatment.
The plan document should describe the benefit levels of the plan and
list any exclusions or limitations to that coverage. This document
should also specify who is eligible for coverage under the plan and when
that coverage is in effect.
Your dentist cannot answer specific questions about your dental
benefit or predict what your level of coverage for a particular
procedure will be. This is because plans written by the same third-party
payer or offered by the same employer may vary according to the
contracts involved. Therefore, you should ask the plan purchaser or the
third-party payer to answer your specific questions about coverage.
My dentist is not on the list of dentists
provided by my employer.
Can I still go to him or her for treatment?
You can always go to the dentist of your choice. The question is
whether you will have benefit coverage for the treatment you receive if
it is provided by a dentist who is not on the plan's list. This depends
on contractual agreements between the plan purchaser (often your
employer), the dentists on the list and the plan administrator. Under
certain contracts, such as a PPO (Preferred Provider Organization)
program, patients are given a financial incentive to go to certain
dentists but do receive some level of dental benefit, regardless of the
treating dentist. Other plans, such as capitation programs, do not
provide any benefit coverage for treatment given by
"non-participating" dentists. In all instances where this type
of plan is offered, patients should have the annual option to choose a
plan that affords unrestricted choice of a dentist, with comparable
benefits and equal premium dollars.
My spouse and I each have a dental benefit plan. Whose program
covers whom? Can we decide whose program covers our children?
Your program covers you. Your spouse's program covers him or her. You
may have additional coverage from each other's programs if they cover
spouses and dependents. In no case should the benefit derived from the
two coordinated programs exceed 100 percent of the dentist's charges for
treatment.
The primary plan for covering your children depends on the
regulations in your state. Most plans use the "birthday rule"
(spouse with birthday occurring earlier in the calendar year is
primary). Others consider the father's plan primary. The American Dental
Association has recognized the "birthday rule" as the
preferred method for coordinating benefits, but which rule applies to
your family depends on the language in your dental plan documents.
If you have two or more potential sources of coverage, check the
coordination of benefits language for each plan to determine the
benefits available.
Does my dentist have to send a description
of my treatment plan to
the third-party payer before I have any dental work done?
Third-party payers often request a "predetermination of
benefits" on certain treatment plans. Usually this means a dental
consultant will review your dentist's treatment plan and determine what
benefits your plan will provide. But this predetermination is not a
guarantee of payment. You may want to review your benefit prior to
receiving treatment, but the final treatment decision should be a matter
between you and your dentist, regardless of your benefit.
There may be a provision in your plan that will deny your normal
dental benefit, or reduce the level of coverage if you do not submit the
treatment plan for prior authorization. This is a contractual matter
between the plan purchaser (often your employer) and the plan
administrator and is contrary to the policy of the American Dental
Association. The American Dental Association is opposed to any dental
clause that would deny or reduce payment to the beneficiary, to which
he/she is normally entitled, solely on the basis or lack of
preauthorization.
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Understanding Dental Benefit Plans
Employers and other plan sponsors offer dental benefits for a variety
of reasons, including promotion of oral health and attraction and
retention of high-quality employees.
Regardless of why the plan is offered, its intent is the same: to
help individuals by paying for a portion of the cost of their dental
care.
Almost all dental benefit plans are the result of a contract between
the plan sponsor (usually an employer or a union) and the third party
(usually an insurance company). For this reason, concerns about your
dental plan should first be directed to your plan sponsor.
Limitations in coverage are the result of the financial commitment
the plan sponsor has agreed to make and the benefits the third-party
payer will offer in exchange for that commitment.
Treatment decisions must be made by you and your dentist. While
dental benefit coverage should be taken into account, it should not be
the deciding factor in your choice of treatment.
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How Benefits Are Determined
You should know how your plan is designed, since this can affect
significantly the plan's coverage and your out-of-pocket expense.
Some employers now offer more than one dental plan to their
employees. In fact, the right to choose between two plans could be the
law in your state. To understand and make decisions about your dental
benefits, it is important to remember that plans are often very
different. To make the best decision for you and your family, you should
understand exactly how the different kinds of dental benefit plans work
and how they derive their cost savings.
There are many ways to design a dental benefits plan. Although the
individual features of plans may differ somewhat, the most common
designs can be grouped into the following categories:
Direct Reimbursement programs reimburse patients a percentage of
the dollar amount spent on dental care, regardless of treatment
category. This method typically does not exclude coverage based on the
type of treatment needed and allows the patients to go to the dentist of
their choice.
"Usual, Customary and Reasonable" (UCR) programs
usually allow patients to go to the dentist of their choice. These plans
pay a set percentage of the dentist's fee or the plan administrator's
"reasonable" or "customary" fee limit, whichever is
less. These limits are the result of a contract between the plan
purchaser and the third-party payer. Although these limits are called
"customary," they may or may not accurately reflect the fees
that area dentists charge. There is wide fluctuation and lack of
government regulation on how a plan determines the "customary"
fee level.
Table or Schedule of Allowance programs determine a list of
covered services with an assigned dollar amount. That dollar amount
represents just how much the plan will pay for those services that are
covered. Most often, it does not represent the dentist's full charge for
those services. The patient pays the difference.
Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) programs are plans under
which contracting dentists agree to discount their fees as a financial
incentive for patients to select their practices. If the patient's
dentist of choice does not participate in the plan, the patient will
have a reduction or complete loss of benefits.
Capitation programs pay contracted dentists a fixed amount
(usually on a monthly basis) per enrolled family or patient. In return,
the dentists agree to provide specific types of treatment to the
patients at no charge (for some treatments there may be a patient
copayment). The capitation premium that is paid may differ greatly from
the amount the plan provides for the patient's actual dental care.
Back to Top
I would like to ask my employer to provide a dental benefit plan
through the company. How should I go about doing this?
The American Dental Association recognizes the important role dental
benefits have played in improving access to dental care for millions of
Americans. You or your employer may contact the Association for
more detailed information about how employers of all sizes can provide a
cost-effective, high-quality dental benefit plan for their employees.
Back to Top
What is direct reimbursement?
Direct Reimbursement programs reimburse patients a percentage of the
dollar amount spent on dental care, regardless of treatment category.
This method typically does not exclude coverage based on the type of
treatment needed and allows the patients to go to the dentist of their
choice.
Click here for more information on Direct
Reimbursement.
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Page Posted:
March 4, 1999
Page Update: April 03, 2002
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